Climate change is arguably the greatest challenge facing humanity in the 21st century. Its far-reaching impacts have dramatically altered the natural world, affecting global economic performance and human well-being. A recent study estimates that damages from climate change will cost an alarming $38 trillion per year by 2050, significantly impacting farming, infrastructure, productivity, and health, and potentially leading to a 19% reduction in income worldwide (Kotz et al., 2024).
While the consequences of climate change are being felt globally, they are not evenly distributed. Africa is projected to be disproportionately affected compared to other regions. Despite contributing less than 4% of global greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) (Global Carbon Budget, 2022), Africa is the least equipped to adapt to climate change’s harsh impacts.
Multiple reports, including one from the World Meteorological Organization (WMO, 2022), highlight the severity of climate change in Africa. The continent’s average temperature has risen faster than that of other regions, resulting in above-average sea level rise along African coastlines. This phenomenon has led to increased flooding, erosion, and salinity in low-lying cities, posing significant threats to infrastructure and livelihoods.
Moreover, the changing climate is expected to intensify extreme weather events, including droughts and flooding. These changes jeopardize socio-economic development at both the community and household levels—a troubling trend for a continent that relies heavily on its natural resources for survival.
As these alarming projections unfold, the need for robust climate action and international support becomes increasingly urgent. Addressing the challenges posed by climate change will require innovative solutions, investment in sustainable practices, and collaborative efforts to enhance Africa’s resilience and adaptability. Without significant intervention, the impacts of climate change could undermine decades of progress in socio-economic development and threaten the future of millions.